Vlado Balaban1

1Palacky University, Faculty of Physical Culture, Olomouc, Czech Republic

The Relationship between Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Fundamental Motor Skills in 8 to 11 Years Old Children from the Czech Republic

Monten. J. Sports Sci. Med. 2018, 7(2), 11-16 | DOI: 10.26773/mjssm.180902

Abstract

The aim of this research was to explore the relationship between objectively measured physical activity and fundamental motor skills in 8-to-11-year-old children from the Czech Republic. The research sample consisted of 201 children (108 boys and 93 girls) aged 8-11 from Olomouc, Czech Republic. The Test of Gross Motor Development 2 was used to assess the level of children’s fundamental motor skills. Furthermore, an ActiGraph GTX3 device accelerometer was used for the objective measurement of physical activity levels. The results have shown a low-to-medium correlation between moderate to vigorous physical activity and locomotor motor skills among the total sample, as well as between vigorous physical activity and object control skills in the sample of boys. Fundamental motor skills are essential factors for children’s participation in organized and free-time physical activities. There is a commitment to develop fundamental motor skills in children, especially object control motor skills in girls.

Keywords

motor development, accelerometers, primary school children



View full article
(PDF – 116KB)

References

Bassett, D. R., Troiano, R. P., McClain, J. J., Wolff, D. L. (2015). Accelerometer-based physical activity: Total volume per day and standardized measures. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 47(4), 833-838. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0000000000000468

Beets, M. W., Bornstein, D., Dowda, M., & Pate, R. R. (2011). Compliance with national guidelines for physical activity in US preschoolers: Measurement and interpretation. Pediatrics, 127(4), 658-664. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2010-2021d

Burns, R. D., Brusseau, T. A., & Hannon, J. C. (2017). Multivariate associations among health-related fitness, physical activity, and TGMD-3 test items in disadvantaged children from low-income families. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 124(1), 86-104. https://doi.org/10.1177/0031512516672118

Cain, K. L., Conway, T. L., Adams, M. A., Husak, L. E., & Sallis, J. F. (2013). Comparison of older and newer generations of ActiGraph accelerometers with the normal filter and the low frequency extension. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 10(1), 51-57. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-10-51

Cameron, C., Craig, C. L., Bauman, A., & Tudor-Locke, C. (2016). CANPLAY study: Secular trends in steps/day amongst 5-19-year-old Canadians between 2005 and 2014. Preventive Medicine, 86(1), 28-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.12.020

Caspersen, C. J., Powell, K. E., & Christenson, G. M. (1985). Physical activity, exercise and physical fitness: definitions and distinctions for health-related research. Public Health Reports, 100(2), 126-131.

Castelli, D. M., & Valley, J. A. (2007). Chapter 3: The relationship of physical fitness and motor competence to physical activity. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 26(4), 358- 374. https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.26.4.358

Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 155-159. https://doi.org/10.1002/0471722227.ch14

Colley, R. C., Janssen, I., & Tremblay, M. S. (2012). Daily step target to measure adherence to physical activity guidelines in children. Medicine and Science in Sports Exercise, 44(5), 977-982. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e31823f23b1

de Vries, S. I., Bakker, I., Hopman-Rock, M., Hirasing, R. A., & van Mechelen, W. (2006). Clinimetric review of motion sensors in children and adolescents. Journal of clinical epidemiology, 59(7), 670-680. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2005.11.020

Erwin, H. E., & Castelli, D. M. (2008). National physical education standards: A summary of student performance and its correlates. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 79(4), 495-505. https://doi.org/10.5641/193250308x13086832906670

Freedson, P. S., Pober, D., & Janz, K. F. (2005). Calibration of accelerometer output for children. Medical Science of Sports Exercise, 37(Suppl. 11), 523-530. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000185658.28284.ba

Hallal, P. C., Andersen, L. B., Bull, F. C., Guthold, R., Haskell, W., Ekelund, U., & Lancet Physical Activity Series Working Group. (2012). Global physical activity levels: surveillance progress, pitfalls, and prospects. The Lancet, 380(9838), 247-257. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(12)60646-1

Hardy, L. L., Reinten-Reynolds, T., Espinel, P., Zask, A., & Okely, A. D. (2012). Prevalence and correlates of low fundamental movement skill competency in children. Pediatrics, 130(2), 390-398. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2012-0345d

Hume, C., Okely, A., Bagley, S., Telford, A., Booth, M., Crawford, D., & Salmon, J. (2008). Does weight status influence associations between children’s fundamental movement skills and physical activity? Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 79(2), 158-165. https://doi.org/10.5641/193250308x13086753543374

Janssen, I., & LeBlanc, A. G. (2010). Systematic review of the health benefits of physical activity and fitness in school-aged children and youth. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 7(40), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-7-40

Logan, S. W., Webster, E. K., Getchell, N., Pfeiffer, K. A., & Robinson, L. E. (2015). Relationship between fundamental motor skill competence and physical activity during childhood and adolescence: A systematic review. Kinesiology Review, 4(4), 416-426. https://doi.org/10.1123/kr.2013-0012

Lopes, V. P., Maia, J. A. R., Rodrigues, L. P., & Malina, R. M. (2012). Motor coordination, physical activity and fitness as predictors of longitudinal change in adiposity during childhood. European Journal of Sport Science, 12(4), 384-391. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2011.566368

Lubans, D. R., Morgan, P. J., Cliff, D. P., Barnett, L. M., & Okely, A. D. (2010). Fundamental movement skills in children and adolescents. Sports Medicine, 40(12), 1019-1035. https://doi.org/10.2165/11536850-000000000-00000

Morrow, J. R., Tucker, J. S., Jackson, A. W., Martin, S. B., Greenleaf, C. A., & Petrie, T. A. (2013). Meeting physical activity guidelines and health-related fitness in youth. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 44(5), 439-444. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2013.01.008

Puyau, M. R., Adolph, A. L., Vohra, F. A., & Butte, N. F. (2002). Validation and calibration of physical activity monitors in children. Obesity Research, 10(3), 150-157. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2002.24

Sigmundová, D., & Sigmund, E. (2015). Trendy v pohybovém chování českých dětí a adolescentů. Olomouc: Univerzita Palackého.

Sigmund, E., El Ansari, W., & Sigmundová, D. (2012). Does school-based physical activity decrease overweight and obesity in children aged 6–9 years? A two-year non-randomized longitudinal intervention study in the Czech Republic. BMC Public Health, 12(570), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-570

Slykerman, S., Ridgers, N. D., Stevenson, C., & Barnett, L. M. (2016). How important is young children’s actual and perceived movement skill competence to their physical activity? Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 19(6), 488-492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2015.07.002

Stodden, D., & Goodway, J. D. (2007). The dynamic association between motor skill development and physical activity. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance, 78(8), 33-49. https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.2007.10598077

Stodden, D. F., Goodway, J. D., Langendorfer, S. J., Roberton, M. A., Rudisill, M. E., Garcia, C., & Garcia, L. E. (2008). A developmental perspective on the role of motor skill competence in physical activity: An emergent relationship. Quest, 60(2), 290-306. https://doi.org/10.1080/00336297.2008.10483582

Šnoblová, R., Jakubec, L., Sigmund, E., & Sigmundová, D. (2015). Srovnání školní a celodenní pohybové aktivity 9–10letých děvčat a chlapců. Tělesná kultura, 38(1), 92-106. https://doi.org/10.5507/tk.2015.005

Troiano, R. P., Berrigani, D., Dodd, K. W., Mâsse, L. C., Tilert, T., & McDowell, M. (2008). Physical activity in the United States measured by accelerometer. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 40(1), 181-188. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e31815a51b3

Tudor-Locke, C., Craig, C. L., Beets, M. W., Belton, S., Cardon, G. M., Duncan, S., … Blair, S. N. (2011). How many steps/day are enough? For children and adolescents. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 8(78), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-8-78

Ulrich, D. A. (2000). The test of gross motor development. (2nd ed.) Austin, TX: PRO-ED.

United States Department of Health and Human Services (1996). Physical activity and health: A report of the surgeon general. Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/sgr/pdf/execsumm.pdf

Vanderloo, L. M., Di Cristofaro, N. A., Proudfoot, N. A., Tucker, P., Timmons, & Timmons, B. W. (2015). Comparing the Actical and Actigraph approach to measuring young children’s physical activity levels and sedentary time. Pediatric Exercise Science, 28(1), 133-142. https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.2014-0218

Wrotniak, B. H., Epstein, L. H., Dorn, J. M., Jones, K. E., & Kondilis, V. A. (2006). The relationship between motor proficiency and physical activity in children. Pediatrics, 118(6), 1758-1765. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2006-0742